How to plastering walls – we know theories, go to practice

If you’ve never done plastering walls before, it may seem like a difficult undertaking, but anyone can learn how to do it with the correct instruction. The final appearance of your walls can be greatly improved by learning the art of plastering, whether you’re remodeling your entire house or just one room.

We’ll take you step-by-step through the procedure in this article. We’ll begin with the fundamentals to make sure you grasp them before moving on to the more useful aspects of things. After that, we’ll go over the practical methods that will enable you to create even, smooth surfaces.

By the end, your walls will have gone from rough to refined, and you’ll have the knowledge and self-assurance to take on plastering projects on your own. Now let’s put the theory into practice!

Requirements for the quality of plastering work

Make sure you are aware of the requirements before attempting to plaster walls yourself. There are definitely some that must be met. Plastering, after all, along with other building and finishing operations, needs to satisfy a number of standards outlined in the most recent edition of SNiP:

  • The maximum horizontal deviation per meter of the working surface does not exceed 2 mm, vertically – 3 mm. On a wall area of ​​​​4 sq.m, the appearance of two irregularities up to 3 mm deep is permissible. This applies to satisfactory quality of work;
  • For good quality plaster, vertical and horizontal deviations are no more than 2 mm, and irregularities up to 3 mm in size per 4 sq.m are 2 or less;
  • Plastering work deserves the highest score if it meets the specified quality parameters: horizontal and vertical deviations – 1 mm, existing irregularities on an area of ​​​​4 sq.m do not exceed a couple of pieces and go deep by a maximum of 2 mm.

Although plastering walls can seem daunting, anyone can accomplish a polished, seamless finish with the appropriate technique. This post will walk you through the fundamentals, dissecting every stage from priming the surface to plaster application, so you can tackle your wall-plastering project with confidence and achieve excellent outcomes.

Basic rules for performing plastering works

The degree to which the wall defects are severe dictates the method to be used for the work:

  • If the slope of the surface, as well as protruding bumps or depressions are practically not noticeable, then after applying the solution, it is leveled with a rule without any auxiliary fittings;
  • If the defects of the wall are visible to the naked eye, then before applying the composition, it is necessary to install beacons. They will be an indicator for leveling the surface and determining the thickness of the composition used. Work on applying plaster using only a rule is quite easy to carry out. More questions arise when performing construction activities with the installation of beacons.

Rules for conducting plastering work

There is a set order for all tasks, and it must be adhered to.

In theory, everything appears as follows:

Preparation of the plane This is the first stage. And the quality of the coating will depend on its correct execution. If the preparation is done incorrectly, then you can simply forget about durability and quality.
Solution Here you need to consider where you will be plastering. If this is an internal plane, then a lime composition is most often used. If this is an external surface, then it is better to give preference to a cement mortar. If you need to make a seam of a certain color, then you cannot find a better dry mixture. It can be almost any color.
Application of the solution Technology is important in this matter. The quality of the plane will depend on it. If the application is done incorrectly, then the material may simply flake and will not last long.

We will now examine plastering walls in detail, point by point.

List of tools, equipment and consumables

The right tool selection is the first step in understanding plastering rules (see Tool for plastering walls: what you need for work). Thus, this is where we begin.

  • Plastering mixture of a certain composition of components (the most popular mixture is cement and gypsum based);
  • Composition for priming surfaces;
  • Roller for applying primer and brush for hard-to-reach places and corners;
  • Trowel or spatula (about 15 cm wide) to apply plaster;
  • Beacons (they are aluminum guides with perforation);
  • Puncher and drill of the appropriate size;
  • Dowels and self-tapping screws to make markings;
  • Level for measuring the slope of planes;
  • Rule – a rigid metal or wooden strip up to 2.5 m long;
  • Steel iron;
  • Scissors for cutting metal or grinder.

Preparing walls for applying plaster

You observed the table’s preparation. However, we must now examine this procedure in greater detail.

  • First, we need to decide on the application layer. To do this, we stretch the fishing line along the diagonals of the plane, then you can immediately see the required layer. If it is less than 2 cm, then the application can be done in one go. If the layer is larger, then several layers must be applied. If the thickness exceeds 5 cm, then it is better to level the plane using plasterboard (see. Installing plasterboard on the wall: how to quickly and inexpensively hide all defects).
  • Now it is necessary to clean off unnecessary wallpaper, plaster and other coatings that do not adhere well and subsequently, possibly, will lead to the separation of the applied layer of plaster.

  • Another necessary step is to improve the adhesive qualities of the wall. If there is a hard-to-remove long-term paint coating, then it is notched with a spatula. Plaster laths contribute to better adhesion of the mortar and wooden walls. If there is an impressive area of ​​work, the use of a sandblasting machine will be very useful.
  • When plastering with a thick layer (up to 5 cm), work is carried out on installing a reinforcing metal mesh. To prevent the occurrence and development of corrosion, the mesh is treated with a special anti-corrosion compound.
  • For better adhesion of the surface and the working composition, to prevent the formation of mold and fungi, as well as to protect against moisture, priming is carried out.

  • For surfaces sensitive to moisture, with bumps, pores and other defects, use a deep penetration primer. "Betonokontakt" is a composition that will be ideal for processing a concrete wall. The work is carried out with a brush or roller.

Tips for the correct installation of beacons

Not only is the marking and precise installation of beacons the most challenging part of finishing work, but it’s also the most crucial. The thickness of the plaster layer to be applied is decided at this point, and the levels are strictly set vertically and horizontally to level the mixture when it is finished.

  • First of all, they look for the largest irregularities – bumps and depressions. To do this, bring the rule to different sections of the walls. All defects found are marked with a marker. This is practical. Later, the most noticeable protrusion will serve as a reference.
  • After detecting and fixing surface defects, they mark. For these purposes, use dowels with screws and a rope. The work is carried out sequentially. Only after finishing with one wall, they begin to work with the other. First, the uppermost and lowermost screws are tightened. The distance from the ceiling and floor should be 15 – 20 cm, and from the corners – about 30 cm. This is explained by the fact that the beacons are shorter than the distance between the floor and the ceiling.
  • The segment on which it is planned to place intermediate screws near the floor and ceiling is determined as follows: when working with a rule approximately 2 – 2.5 m long, they are placed at a distance of 30 – 40 cm from each other. They start from the corner, so that later it is convenient to level the mixture between the beacons. At this stage, a building level will come in handy, it will help to make an even vertical line.
  • As a result, 4 screws will be installed on the work surface in the corners plus intermediate ones, located at the intersections of vertical lines and horizontal ropes. Using a level and a rule, place the heads of the existing screws within the same plane. This procedure must be approached with all responsibility, since this will determine the level for setting the guides.
  • At the next stage, beacon guides are installed and fixed with a ready-made composition. Its consistency should be such that it does not flow down the wall. Using a spatula or trowel, throw a little mixture onto the work surface and lower the beacon into it so that it is located in the same plane as the head of the screw located on the vertical line of the breakdown. The remaining beacon profile is placed according to the same principle. The correct location of each of them is determined by the building level and rule.
  • After completing the beacon installation procedure, the screws are removed.

Step Description
1. Prepare the Surface Clean the walls, remove old plaster, and fill any holes or cracks.
2. Apply Primer Use a primer to ensure better adhesion of the plaster to the wall.
3. Mix the Plaster Prepare the plaster according to the instructions on the package.
4. First Layer Apply the first layer of plaster evenly across the wall using a trowel.
5. Level the Surface Use a straight edge to smooth out the plaster and remove any excess.
6. Apply Additional Layers After the first layer dries, apply additional layers as needed for thickness.
7. Finish and Smooth Use a finishing trowel to smooth the final layer for a perfect finish.
8. Allow to Dry Let the plaster dry completely before painting or applying any other finish.

Now that you have a firm understanding of the fundamentals of plastering walls, it’s time to apply theory. To gain a sense of the procedure, start small and don’t worry if it isn’t perfect right away. The secret is to practice.

Always take your time, pay close attention to the instructions, and use the appropriate tools for the job. Your walls can have a polished, seamless finish in no time at all if you are persistent and patient.

Cheers to plastering! You’ll be well on your way to becoming an expert at wall plastering once you have these pointers in hand.

Video on the topic

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Veronica Gerasimova

Interior designer, author of books on the design of residential premises. I will help you make your home not only functional, but also beautiful.

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