Features and technical characteristics of water-based paint

Water-based paint has gained popularity as a wall finishing option because of its remarkable results and ease of application. This paint kind offers a smooth application and a large selection of colors, making it ideal for both novices and seasoned artists.

The rapid drying time of water-based paint is one of its main advantages. You can finish painting projects more quickly and with less drying time in between coats. The paint is also less toxic and has a low odor, which makes it a safer choice for indoor use.

Additionally, water-based paint has outstanding durability and coverage. Your walls will remain colorful and new-looking for years to come thanks to its ability to tolerate frequent cleaning and resistance to fading. Water-based paint offers a dependable and effective solution, whether you’re painting a freshly painted surface or rejuvenating an old one.

Composition

The technologies used by each manufacturer to create these finishing materials may cause slight variations in the composition of water-based paints. Water serves as the foundation, and it contains microscopic polymer particles. All of the water’s layers contain the components suspended. This mixture serves as the foundation for the addition of different ingredients, such as plasticizer, antifreeze, dispersant, defoamer, density regulator, and other substances that enhance the material’s performance qualities.

Its composition includes polyvinyl acetate, butadiene styrene, various acrylates, and versatate to form a long-lasting film after the paint dries on the surface. Additionally, whitewash is added to compositions that contain water in the form of zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. These materials produce a snow-white hue that is easily tintable. Minerals such as cement, slaked lime, or chalk can also be added as an extra ingredient. As a result, the materials are marginally less expensive without compromising quality. Seldom are other varieties of mineral fillers like talc, calcite, mica, and barite utilized. A few producers combine these components into a single item.

A thickener is an additional part of the material. It is this substance that helps control the paint’s density. Typically, CMC glue is used for these purposes. Purified water serves as the solvent in this instance. As previously indicated, production technology determines the precise composition of water-based paints, but the general idea is as follows:

  • mixture of water and polymers – 40–70% (with film formers in the dispersion containing about 40%);
  • filler and dye – 30–40%;
  • plasticizer – up to 10%;
  • additional substances – up to 10%.

Types of water-based paint

Depending on the filler used in production, there are five primary types:

  1. Acrylic. This option uses acrylic resins. The material can be used for finishing wooden, glass, concrete, brick, plastered, as well as metal surfaces that have been pre-treated with impregnation. Withstands up to 5 thousand washes.
  2. Silicone. The most expensive and durable type. Contains silicone resins. They allow air to pass through well and retain their original appearance for a long time.
  3. Silicate. Consist of liquid glass and dyes. They last up to 20 years, but are susceptible to water.
  4. Mineral. This type of paint and varnish contains stone fillers. They are inexpensive and well suited for processing "bare" concrete walls. Disadvantage – they serve no more than 5 years.
  5. Polyvinyl acetate. They dry quickly, do not emit harmful substances, are not affected by water, ultraviolet radiation and aggressive environments.

Because of its simplicity of application, short drying time, and minimal environmental impact, water-based paint is a popular and adaptable option for wall finishing. Compared to alternatives based on oil, it is less hazardous to consumers and the environment because it is primarily made with water as a solvent. This kind of paint is well-known for being long-lasting, having little smell, and being simple to clean, which makes it perfect for both residential and commercial settings.

Advantages and disadvantages

When discussing the advantages of this finishing material, the following come to mind:

  • High setting speed. Provided there is good ventilation, it will take about two hours for the material to dry on the surface being treated.
  • Safety. The material does not contain harmful volatile substances, so personal protective equipment is not required during work.
  • Absence of unpleasant odor. This feature increases the comfort of working with the material. In addition, there is no need to ventilate the room for a long time after painting.
  • Wide range of colors. The modern market offers a huge number of color solutions; it is possible to create the desired shade yourself. To do this, you should buy white paint and a colorant of a certain color. If the master does not have experience in mixing the compositions, it is better to ask to mix the paint in the store, otherwise the result may be disappointing.
  • Ease of application. This process does not require extensive experience or professional tools. The material is easily washed off, which also makes it easier to work with it.

The restricted temperature range is the primary drawback. Paint deterioration results from the composition’s water freezing at too-low temperatures. Furthermore, keep in mind that water-based paints can cause corrosion on untreated metal surfaces when used. Additionally, avoid painting hydrophilic materials like concrete or gypsum with them without first finishing them.

Features of the material

You should research some of the key indicators of this composition before making a purchase:

  1. Viscosity is a characteristic of a substance, which is determined by the degree of concentration of water in the paint. The indicator is measured with a viscometer. For working with a roller or brush, the viscosity should be 40-45 St. If the composition is applied using a spray gun, then no more than 25 St.
  2. As for consumption, it is impossible to say for sure. The average indicator is 180 ml per square meter. But this amount can vary depending on the characteristics of the surface being treated, the tools used and the quality of the paint. The specific gravity of the material is 1.4 kg / l.
  3. Drying time varies from 2 hours to a day. This difference is explained by the fact that in damp rooms and without proper ventilation, water evaporates less intensively. The recommended operating temperature is 20 degrees Celsius, and air humidity is 70%.
  4. The shelf life of water-based paints is limited to 24 months from the date of production. After opening, the paint should be stored in a cool, dark place and should not be allowed to freeze.

Technical characteristics according to GOST

The following four paints have their parameters regulated by GOST 28196-89:

  • VD-VA-224. The maximum content of non-volatile ingredients (which remain on the surface and form a film) is 53–59%. Acid-base balance index – 6.8–8.2. The covering power of this material after drying is 120 grams per m2. Resistance to liquids under optimal conditions is 12. Number of freezing cycles – 5. No lightfastness. Drying time under optimal conditions is 1 hour.
  • VD-AK-111. The proportion of non-volatile components is 52–57%. pH is no more than 9.5. The covering power of this type of paint is about 100 g per m2. Resistance to water – 24. Number of freezing cycles – 5. Lightfastness index – 5. Drying time – 1 hour.
  • VD-AK-111r. Proportion of non-volatile substances – 47–52%. %. pH fluctuates from 7.5 to 9.5. Paint coverage – about 80 g per m2. Water resistance – 24. The number of freezing cycles – 5. Light resistance indicator – 5. Drying time – 1 hour.
  • VD-KC-183. The content of non -liberal substances is 52–57%. %. An acid-base balance indicator from 8. The cover of paint is 120 g per m2. Water resistance – 24. The number of freezing cycles – 5. Light resistance indicator – 5. Drying time – 1 hour.

Paint VEAK 1180

This substance is regarded as one of the most widely used for project completion. The following are its technical characteristics:

  1. Filler – acrylic resins.
  2. Color is white.
  3. Purpose – interior decoration.
  4. Consumption under optimal conditions is 150 grams per square meter.
  5. Solvent – purified water.
  6. The drying period at a temperature of 20 degrees is 1 hour.

Feature Description
Base Water
Application Easy to apply with a brush or roller
Drying Time Quick-drying, usually within a few hours
Odor Low odor
Environmental Impact Eco-friendly, low VOC
Durability Resistant to fading and cracking
Clean-Up Easy to clean with water

Water-based paint is a useful and adaptable choice for a variety of wall surface types. Both professionals and do-it-yourselfers will find it to be a convenient option because it is simple to apply, dries quickly, and is easily cleaned up with water.

Water-based paint is a great choice for interior spaces where air quality is a concern because of its low odor and minimal environmental impact. It also comes in a variety of colors and finishes, so you can be creative in any space you design.

All things considered, water-based paints are an excellent choice for your upcoming wall finishing project if you’re searching for a dependable, economical, and environmentally friendly paint.

Video on the topic

Technical characteristics of the primer and enamel

Production line of water -based paint

Errors in painting with water-based paint

Water-based paint Lakra

TOP-5. Water-based paint.

What interior style do you like the most?
Share to friends
Dmitry Stepanov

Professional decorator with 10 years of experience. I know everything about renovating apartments, houses and offices. I will be happy to share my knowledge and experience with you.

Rate author
Vash-Variant.com
Add a comment